{"id":"mn130","title":"Messengers of the Gods","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"mn130","title":"Messengers of the Gods","units":[{"id":"mn130:0","sourceIds":["mn130:0.1","mn130:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Majjhima Nikāya 130\nDevadūtasutta","en":"Middle Discourses 130\nMessengers of the Gods"}},{"id":"mn130:1","sourceIds":["mn130:1.1","mn130:1.2","mn130:1.3","mn130:1.4","mn130:1.5","mn130:1.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.\nTatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:\n“bhikkhavo”ti.\n“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.\nBhagavā etadavoca:","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.\nThere the Buddha addressed the mendicants,\n“Mendicants!”\n“Venerable sir,” they replied.\nThe Buddha said this:"}},{"id":"mn130:2","sourceIds":["mn130:2.1","mn130:2.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dve agārā sadvārā, tattha cakkhumā puriso majjhe ṭhito passeyya manusse gehaṁ pavisantepi nikkhamantepi anucaṅkamantepi anuvicarantepi;\nevameva kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi: ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā manussesu upapannā. Ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā pettivisayaṁ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā tiracchānayoniṁ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapannā’ti.","en":"“Mendicants, suppose there were two houses with doors. A person with clear eyes standing in between them would see humans entering and leaving a house and wandering to and fro.\nIn the same way, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I see sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understand how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds: ‘These dear beings did good things by way of body, speech, and mind. They never denounced the noble ones; they had right view; and they chose to act out of that right view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm, or among humans. These dear beings did bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. They denounced the noble ones; they had wrong view; and they chose to act out of that wrong view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in the ghost realm, the animal realm, or in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.’"}},{"id":"mn130:3","sourceIds":["mn130:3.1","mn130:3.2","mn130:3.3","mn130:3.4","mn130:3.5","mn130:3.6","mn130:3.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā nānābāhāsu gahetvā yamassa rañño dassenti:\n‘ayaṁ, deva, puriso amatteyyo apetteyyo asāmañño abrāhmañño, na kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī.\nImassa devo daṇḍaṁ paṇetū’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā paṭhamaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu paṭhamaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.","en":"The wardens of hell take them by the arms and present them to King Yama, saying,\n‘Your Majesty, this person did not pay due respect to their mother and father, ascetics and brahmins, or honor the elders in the family.\nMay Your Majesty punish them!’\nKing Yama pursues, presses, and grills them about the first messenger of the gods:\n‘My man, did you not see the first messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw nothing, sir.’"}},{"id":"mn130:4","sourceIds":["mn130:4.1","mn130:4.2","mn130:4.3","mn130:4.4","mn130:4.5","mn130:4.6","mn130:4.7","mn130:4.8","mn130:4.9","mn130:4.10","mn130:4.11","mn130:4.12","mn130:4.13"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu daharaṁ kumāraṁ mandaṁ uttānaseyyakaṁ sake muttakarīse palipannaṁ semānan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—\nahampi khomhi jātidhammo, jātiṁ anatīto. Handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante, pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, pamādavatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.\nTaggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.\nTaṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ na pitarā kataṁ na bhātarā kataṁ na bhaginiyā kataṁ na mittāmaccehi kataṁ na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ na devatāhi kataṁ, tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ, tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.","en":"King Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did you not see among human beings a little baby collapsed in their own urine and feces?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw that, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—\n“I, too, am liable to be born. I’m not exempt from rebirth. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’\nHe says,\n‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWell, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.\nThat bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by ascetics and brahmins, or by the deities. That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’"}},{"id":"mn130:5","sourceIds":["mn130:5.1","mn130:5.2","mn130:5.3","mn130:5.4","mn130:5.5","mn130:5.6","mn130:5.7","mn130:5.8","mn130:5.9","mn130:5.10","mn130:5.11","mn130:5.12","mn130:5.13","mn130:5.14","mn130:5.15","mn130:5.16","mn130:5.17"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā paṭhamaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā dutiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu dutiyaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu itthiṁ vā purisaṁ vā (…) jiṇṇaṁ gopānasivaṅkaṁ bhoggaṁ daṇḍaparāyanaṁ pavedhamānaṁ gacchantaṁ āturaṁ gatayobbanaṁ khaṇḍadantaṁ palitakesaṁ vilūnaṁ khalitasiraṁ valinaṁ tilakāhatagattan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—\nahampi khomhi jarādhammo, jaraṁ anatīto. Handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante, pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, pamādavatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.\nTaggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.\nTaṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ na pitarā kataṁ na bhātarā kataṁ na bhaginiyā kataṁ na mittāmaccehi kataṁ na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ na devatāhi kataṁ, tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ, tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.","en":"Then King Yama grills them about the second messenger of the gods:\n‘My man, did you not see the second messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw nothing, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did you not see among human beings an elderly woman or a man—eighty, ninety, or a hundred years old—bent double, crooked, leaning on a staff, trembling as they walk, ailing, past their prime, with teeth broken, hair grey and scanty or bald, skin wrinkled, and limbs blotchy?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw that, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—\n“I, too, am liable to grow old. I’m not exempt from old age. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’\nHe says,\n‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWell, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.\nThat bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by ascetics and brahmins, or by the deities. That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’"}},{"id":"mn130:6","sourceIds":["mn130:6.1","mn130:6.2","mn130:6.3","mn130:6.4","mn130:6.5","mn130:6.6","mn130:6.7","mn130:6.8","mn130:6.9","mn130:6.10","mn130:6.11","mn130:6.12","mn130:6.13","mn130:6.14","mn130:6.15","mn130:6.16","mn130:6.17"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā dutiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā tatiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu tatiyaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu itthiṁ vā purisaṁ vā ābādhikaṁ dukkhitaṁ bāḷhagilānaṁ sake muttakarīse palipannaṁ semānaṁ aññehi vuṭṭhāpiyamānaṁ aññehi saṁvesiyamānan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—\nahampi khomhi byādhidhammo, byādhiṁ anatīto.\nHandāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā’ti? So evamāha:\n‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante, pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, pamādavatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.\nTaggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.\nTaṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ na pitarā kataṁ na bhātarā kataṁ na bhaginiyā kataṁ na mittāmaccehi kataṁ na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ na devatāhi kataṁ, tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ, tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.","en":"Then King Yama grills them about the third messenger of the gods:\n‘My man, did you not see the third messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw nothing, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did you not see among human beings a woman or a man, sick, suffering, gravely ill, collapsed in their own urine and feces, being picked up by some and put down by others?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw that, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—\n“I, too, am liable to become sick. I’m not exempt from sickness. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’\nHe says,\n‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWell, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.\nThat bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by ascetics and brahmins, or by the deities. That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’"}},{"id":"mn130:7","sourceIds":["mn130:7.1","mn130:7.2","mn130:7.3","mn130:7.4","mn130:7.5","mn130:7.6","mn130:7.7","mn130:7.8","mn130:7.9","mn130:7.10","mn130:7.11","mn130:7.12","mn130:7.13","mn130:7.14","mn130:7.15","mn130:7.16","mn130:7.17","mn130:7.18"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā tatiyaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā catutthaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu catutthaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu rājāno coraṁ āgucāriṁ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente—\nkasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte baḷisamaṁsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṁ chindante’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—\nye kira, bho, pāpakāni kammāni karonti te diṭṭheva dhamme evarūpā vividhā kammakāraṇā karīyanti, kimaṅgaṁ pana parattha. Handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante, pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, pamādavatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.\nTaggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.\nTaṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ na pitarā kataṁ na bhātarā kataṁ na bhaginiyā kataṁ na mittāmaccehi kataṁ na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ na devatāhi kataṁ, tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ, tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.","en":"Then King Yama grills them about the fourth messenger of the gods:\n‘My man, did you not see the fourth messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw nothing, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did you not see among human beings when the rulers arrested a bandit, a criminal, and subjected them to various punishments—\nwhipping, caning, and clubbing; cutting off hands or feet, or both; cutting off ears or nose, or both; the ‘porridge pot’, the ‘shell-shave’, the ‘Rāhu’s mouth’, the ‘garland of fire’, the ‘burning hand’, the ‘bulrush twist’, the ‘bark dress’, the ‘antelope’, the ‘meat hook’, the ‘coins’, the ‘caustic pickle’, the ‘twisting bar’, the ‘straw mat’; being splashed with hot oil, being fed to the hounds, being impaled alive, and being beheaded?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw that, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—\n“It seems that one who does bad deeds receives such punishment in this very life. What must happen to them in the next? I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’\nHe says,\n‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWell, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.\nThat bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by ascetics and brahmins, or by the deities. That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’"}},{"id":"mn130:8","sourceIds":["mn130:8.1","mn130:8.2","mn130:8.3","mn130:8.4","mn130:8.5","mn130:8.6","mn130:8.7","mn130:8.8","mn130:8.9","mn130:8.10","mn130:8.11","mn130:8.12","mn130:8.13","mn130:8.14","mn130:8.15","mn130:8.16","mn130:8.17"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā catutthaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā pañcamaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjati samanugāhati samanubhāsati:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu pañcamaṁ devadūtaṁ pātubhūtan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāddasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, na tvaṁ addasa manussesu itthiṁ vā purisaṁ vā ekāhamataṁ vā dvīhamataṁ vā tīhamataṁ vā uddhumātakaṁ vinīlakaṁ vipubbakajātan’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘addasaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, tassa te viññussa sato mahallakassa na etadahosi—\nahampi khomhi maraṇadhammo, maraṇaṁ anatīto. Handāhaṁ kalyāṇaṁ karomi kāyena vācāya manasā’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘nāsakkhissaṁ, bhante, pamādassaṁ, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā evamāha:\n‘ambho purisa, pamādavatāya na kalyāṇamakāsi kāyena vācāya manasā.\nTaggha tvaṁ, ambho purisa, tathā karissanti yathā taṁ pamattaṁ.\nTaṁ kho pana te etaṁ pāpakammaṁ neva mātarā kataṁ na pitarā kataṁ na bhātarā kataṁ na bhaginiyā kataṁ na mittāmaccehi kataṁ na ñātisālohitehi kataṁ na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṁ na devatāhi kataṁ, tayāvetaṁ pāpakammaṁ kataṁ, tvaññevetassa vipākaṁ paṭisaṁvedissasī’ti.","en":"Then King Yama grills them about the fifth messenger of the gods:\n‘My man, did you not see the fifth messenger of the gods that appeared among human beings?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw nothing, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did you not see among human beings a woman or a man, dead for one, two, or three days, bloated, livid, and festering?’\nHe says,\n‘I saw that, sir.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, did it not occur to you—being sensible and mature—\n“I, too, am liable to die. I’m not exempt from death. I’d better do good by way of body, speech, and mind”?’\nHe says,\n‘I couldn’t, sir. I was negligent.’\nKing Yama says to them,\n‘My man, because you were negligent, you didn’t do good by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWell, they’ll definitely punish you to fit your negligence.\nThat bad deed wasn’t done by your mother, father, brother, or sister. It wasn’t done by friends and colleagues, by relatives and kin, by ascetics and brahmins, or by the deities. That bad deed was done by you alone, and you alone will experience the result.’"}},{"id":"mn130:9","sourceIds":["mn130:9.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, yamo rājā pañcamaṁ devadūtaṁ samanuyuñjitvā samanugāhitvā samanubhāsitvā tuṇhī hoti.","en":"After grilling them about the fifth messenger of the gods, King Yama falls silent."}},{"id":"mn130:10","sourceIds":["mn130:10.1","mn130:10.2","mn130:10.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā pañcavidhabandhanaṁ nāma kammakāraṇaṁ karonti—\ntattaṁ ayokhilaṁ hatthe gamenti, tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ dutiye hatthe gamenti, tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ pāde gamenti, tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ dutiye pāde gamenti, tattaṁ ayokhilaṁ majjheurasmiṁ gamenti.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"The wardens of hell punish them with the five-fold crucifixion.\nThey drive red-hot stakes through the hands and feet, and another in the middle of the chest.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:11","sourceIds":["mn130:11.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā saṁvesetvā kuṭhārīhi tacchanti …pe…","en":"The wardens of hell throw them down and hack them with axes. …"}},{"id":"mn130:12","sourceIds":["mn130:12.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhampādaṁ adhosiraṁ gahetvā vāsīhi tacchanti …pe…","en":"They hang them upside-down and hack them with hatchets. …"}},{"id":"mn130:13","sourceIds":["mn130:13.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā rathe yojetvā ādittāya pathaviyā sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya sārentipi, paccāsārentipi …pe…","en":"They harness them to a chariot, and drive them back and forth across burning ground, blazing and glowing. …"}},{"id":"mn130:14","sourceIds":["mn130:14.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahantaṁ aṅgārapabbataṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ āropentipi oropentipi …pe…","en":"They make them climb up and down a big mountain of burning coals, blazing and glowing. …"}},{"id":"mn130:15","sourceIds":["mn130:15.1","mn130:15.2","mn130:15.3","mn130:15.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhampādaṁ adhosiraṁ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipanti ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya.\nSo tattha pheṇuddehakaṁ paccati.\nSo tattha pheṇuddehakaṁ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṁ gacchati, sakimpi adho gacchati, sakimpi tiriyaṁ gacchati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"The wardens of hell turn them upside down and throw them in a red-hot copper pot, burning, blazing, and glowing.\nThere they’re seared in boiling scum, and they’re swept up and down and round and round.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:16","sourceIds":["mn130:16.1","mn130:16.2","mn130:16.3","mn130:16.4","mn130:16.5","mn130:16.6","mn130:16.7","mn130:16.8","mn130:16.9","mn130:16.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahāniraye pakkhipanti.\nSo kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayo—\nCatukkaṇṇo catudvāro,\nvibhatto bhāgaso mito;\nAyopākārapariyanto,\nayasā paṭikujjito.\nTassa ayomayā bhūmi,\njalitā tejasāyutā;\nSamantā yojanasataṁ,\npharitvā tiṭṭhati sabbadā.","en":"The wardens of hell toss them into the Great Hell.\nNow, about that Great Hell:\n‘Four are its corners, four its doors,\nneatly divided section by section.\nSurrounded by an iron wall,\nof iron is its roof.\nThe ground is even made of iron,\nit burns with fierce fire.\nThe heat forever radiates\na hundred leagues around.’"}},{"id":"mn130:17","sourceIds":["mn130:17.1","mn130:17.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayassa puratthimāya bhittiyā acci uṭṭhahitvā pacchimāya bhittiyā paṭihaññati, pacchimāya bhittiyā acci uṭṭhahitvā puratthimāya bhittiyā paṭihaññati, uttarāya bhittiyā acci uṭṭhahitvā dakkhiṇāya bhittiyā paṭihaññati, dakkhiṇāya bhittiyā acci uṭṭhahitvā uttarāya bhittiyā paṭihaññati, heṭṭhā acci uṭṭhahitvā upari paṭihaññati, uparito acci uṭṭhahitvā heṭṭhā paṭihaññati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"Now in the Great Hell, flames surge out of the walls and crash into the opposite wall: from east to west, from west to east, from north to south, from south to north, from bottom to top, from top to bottom.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:18","sourceIds":["mn130:18.1","mn130:18.2","mn130:18.3","mn130:18.4","mn130:18.5","mn130:18.6","mn130:18.7","mn130:18.8","mn130:18.9","mn130:18.10","mn130:18.11","mn130:18.12"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Hoti kho so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena tassa mahānirayassa puratthimaṁ dvāraṁ apāpurīyati.\nSo tattha sīghena javena dhāvati.\nTassa sīghena javena dhāvato chavimpi ḍayhati, cammampi ḍayhati, maṁsampi ḍayhati, nhārumpi ḍayhati, aṭṭhīnipi sampadhūpāyanti, ubbhataṁ tādisameva hoti.\nYato ca kho so, bhikkhave, bahusampatto hoti, atha taṁ dvāraṁ pidhīyati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.\nHoti kho so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena tassa mahānirayassa pacchimaṁ dvāraṁ apāpurīyati …pe…\nuttaraṁ dvāraṁ apāpurīyati …pe…\ndakkhiṇaṁ dvāraṁ apāpurīyati.\nSo tattha sīghena javena dhāvati.\nTassa sīghena javena dhāvato chavimpi ḍayhati, cammampi ḍayhati, maṁsampi ḍayhati, nhārumpi ḍayhati, aṭṭhīnipi sampadhūpāyanti, ubbhataṁ tādisameva hoti.\nYato ca kho so, bhikkhave, bahusampatto hoti, atha taṁ dvāraṁ pidhīyati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"There comes a time when, after a very long period has passed, the eastern gate of the Great Hell is opened.\nSo they run there as fast as they can.\nAnd as they run, their outer skin, inner skin, flesh, and sinews burn and even their bones smoke. Such is their escape;\nbut when they’ve managed to make it most of the way, the gate is slammed shut.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated.\nThere comes a time when, after a very long period has passed, the western gate …\nnorthern gate …\nsouthern gate of the Great Hell is opened.\nSo they run there as fast as they can.\nAnd as they run, their outer skin, inner skin, flesh, and sinews burn and even their bones smoke. Such is their escape;\nbut when they’ve managed to make it most of the way, the gate is slammed shut.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:19","sourceIds":["mn130:19.1","mn130:19.2","mn130:19.3","mn130:19.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Hoti kho so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena tassa mahānirayassa puratthimaṁ dvāraṁ apāpurīyati.\nSo tattha sīghena javena dhāvati.\nTassa sīghena javena dhāvato chavimpi ḍayhati, cammampi ḍayhati, maṁsampi ḍayhati, nhārumpi ḍayhati, aṭṭhīnipi sampadhūpāyanti, ubbhataṁ tādisameva hoti.\nSo tena dvārena nikkhamati.","en":"There comes a time when, after a very long period has passed, the eastern gate of the Great Hell is opened.\nSo they run there as fast as they can.\nAnd as they run, their outer skin, inner skin, flesh, and sinews burn and even their bones smoke. Such is their escape;\nand they make it out that door."}},{"id":"mn130:20","sourceIds":["mn130:20.1","mn130:20.2","mn130:20.3","mn130:20.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayassa samanantarā sahitameva mahanto gūthanirayo.\nSo tattha patati.\nTasmiṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, gūthaniraye sūcimukhā pāṇā chaviṁ chindanti, chaviṁ chetvā cammaṁ chindanti, cammaṁ chetvā maṁsaṁ chindanti, maṁsaṁ chetvā nhāruṁ chindanti, nhāruṁ chetvā aṭṭhiṁ chindanti, aṭṭhiṁ chetvā aṭṭhimiñjaṁ khādanti.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"Immediately adjacent to the Great Hell is the vast Dung Hell.\nAnd that’s where they fall.\nIn that Dung Hell there are needle-mouthed creatures that bore through the outer skin, the inner skin, the flesh, sinews, and bones, until they reach the marrow and devour it.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:21","sourceIds":["mn130:21.1","mn130:21.2","mn130:21.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, gūthanirayassa samanantarā sahitameva mahanto kukkulanirayo.\nSo tattha patati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"Immediately adjacent to the Dung Hell is the vast Hell of Burning Chaff.\nAnd that’s where they fall.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:22","sourceIds":["mn130:22.1","mn130:22.2","mn130:22.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, kukkulanirayassa samanantarā sahitameva mahantaṁ simbalivanaṁ uddhaṁ yojanamuggataṁ soḷasaṅgulakaṇṭakaṁ ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ.\nTattha āropentipi oropentipi.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"Immediately adjacent to the Hell of Burning Chaff is the vast Red Silk-Cotton Forest. It’s a league high, full of sixteen-inch thorns, burning, blazing, and glowing.\nAnd there they make them climb up and down.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:23","sourceIds":["mn130:23.1","mn130:23.2","mn130:23.3","mn130:23.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, simbalivanassa samanantarā sahitameva mahantaṁ asipattavanaṁ.\nSo tattha pavisati.\nTassa vāteritāni pattāni patitāni hatthampi chindanti, pādampi chindanti, hatthapādampi chindanti, kaṇṇampi chindanti, nāsampi chindanti, kaṇṇanāsampi chindanti.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"Immediately adjacent to the Red Silk-Cotton Forest is the vast Sword-Leaf Forest.\nThey enter that.\nThere the fallen leaves blown by the wind cut their hands, feet, both hands and feet; they cut their ears, nose, both ears and nose.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:24","sourceIds":["mn130:24.1","mn130:24.2","mn130:24.3","mn130:24.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, asipattavanassa samanantarā sahitameva mahatī khārodakā nadī.\nSo tattha patati.\nSo tattha anusotampi vuyhati, paṭisotampi vuyhati, anusotapaṭisotampi vuyhati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"Immediately adjacent to the Sword-Leaf Forest is the vast Acid River.\nAnd that’s where they fall.\nThere they are swept upstream, swept downstream, and swept both up and down stream.\nAnd there they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:25","sourceIds":["mn130:25.1","mn130:25.2","mn130:25.3","mn130:25.4","mn130:25.5","mn130:25.6","mn130:25.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā balisena uddharitvā thale patiṭṭhāpetvā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘ambho purisa, kiṁ icchasī’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘jighacchitosmi, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā tattena ayosaṅkunā mukhaṁ vivaritvā ādittena sampajjalitena sajotibhūtena tattaṁ lohaguḷaṁ mukhe pakkhipanti ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ.\nSo tassa oṭṭhampi dahati, mukhampi dahati, kaṇṭhampi dahati, urampi dahati, antampi antaguṇampi ādāya adhobhāgā nikkhamati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"The wardens of hell pull them out with a hook and place them on solid ground, and say,\n‘My man, what do you want?’\nThey say,\n‘I’m hungry, sir.’\nThe wardens of hell force open their mouth with a hot iron spike—burning, blazing, and glowing—and shove in a red-hot copper ball, burning, blazing, and glowing.\nIt burns their lips, mouth, tongue, throat, and stomach before coming out below dragging their entrails.\nAnd there they feel painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:26","sourceIds":["mn130:26.1","mn130:26.2","mn130:26.3","mn130:26.4","mn130:26.5","mn130:26.6","mn130:26.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘ambho purisa, kiṁ icchasī’ti?\nSo evamāha:\n‘pipāsitosmi, bhante’ti.\nTamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā tattena ayosaṅkunā mukhaṁ vivaritvā ādittena sampajjalitena sajotibhūtena tattaṁ tambalohaṁ mukhe āsiñcanti ādittaṁ sampajjalitaṁ sajotibhūtaṁ.\nTaṁ tassa oṭṭhampi dahati, mukhampi dahati, kaṇṭhampi dahati, urampi dahati, antampi antaguṇampi ādāya adhobhāgā nikkhamati.\nSo tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṁ karoti, yāva na taṁ pāpakammaṁ byantīhoti.","en":"The wardens of hell say,\n‘My man, what do you want?’\nThey say,\n‘I’m thirsty, sir.’\nThe wardens of hell force open their mouth with a hot iron spike—burning, blazing, and glowing—and pour in molten copper, burning, blazing, and glowing.\nIt burns their lips, mouth, tongue, throat, and stomach before coming out below dragging their entrails.\nAnd there they feel painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated."}},{"id":"mn130:27","sourceIds":["mn130:27.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tamenaṁ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā puna mahāniraye pakkhipanti.","en":"The wardens of hell toss them back in the Great Hell."}},{"id":"mn130:28","sourceIds":["mn130:28.1","mn130:28.2","mn130:28.3","mn130:28.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Bhūtapubbaṁ, bhikkhave, yamassa rañño etadahosi:\n‘ye kira, bho, loke pāpakāni akusalāni kammāni karonti te evarūpā vividhā kammakāraṇā karīyanti.\nAho vatāhaṁ manussattaṁ labheyyaṁ. Tathāgato ca loke uppajjeyya arahaṁ sammāsambuddho. Tañcāhaṁ bhagavantaṁ payirupāseyyaṁ.\nSo ca me bhagavā dhammaṁ deseyya. Tassa cāhaṁ bhagavato dhammaṁ ājāneyyan’ti.","en":"Once upon a time, King Yama thought:\n‘Those who do such bad deeds in the world receive these many different punishments.\nOh, I hope I may be reborn as a human being! And that a Realized One—a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha—arises in the world! And that I may pay homage to the Buddha!\nLet that Buddha teach me Dhamma, so that I may understand his teaching!’"}},{"id":"mn130:29","sourceIds":["mn130:29.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Taṁ kho panāhaṁ, bhikkhave, nāññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā sutvā vadāmi, api ca yadeva sāmaṁ ñātaṁ sāmaṁ diṭṭhaṁ sāmaṁ viditaṁ tadevāhaṁ vadāmī”ti.","en":"Now, I don’t say this because I’ve heard it from some other ascetic or brahmin. I only say it because I’ve known, seen, and realized it for myself.”"}},{"id":"mn130:30","sourceIds":["mn130:30.1","mn130:30.2","mn130:30.3","mn130:30.4","mn130:30.5","mn130:30.6","mn130:30.7","mn130:30.8","mn130:30.9","mn130:30.10","mn130:30.11","mn130:30.12","mn130:30.13","mn130:30.14","mn130:30.15","mn130:30.16","mn130:30.17","mn130:30.18","mn130:30.19","mn130:30.20"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Idamavoca bhagavā.\nIdaṁ vatvāna sugato athāparaṁ etadavoca satthā:\n“Coditā devadūtehi,\nye pamajjanti māṇavā;\nTe dīgharattaṁ socanti,\nhīnakāyūpagā narā.\nYe ca kho devadūtehi,\nsanto sappurisā idha;\nCoditā nappamajjanti,\nariyadhamme kudācanaṁ.\nUpādāne bhayaṁ disvā,\njātimaraṇasambhave;\nAnupādā vimuccanti,\njātimaraṇasaṅkhaye.\nTe khemappattā sukhino,\ndiṭṭhadhammābhinibbutā;\nSabbaverabhayātītā,\nsabbadukkhaṁ upaccagun”ti.\nDevadūtasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.\nSuññatavaggo niṭṭhito tatiyo.","en":"That is what the Buddha said.\nThen the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say:\n“When warned by the gods’ messengers,\nthose sons of Manu who are negligent\nsorrow for a long time\nwhen they go to that wretched place.\nWhen warned by the gods’ messengers,\nthe good and true persons here\nnever neglect\nthe teaching of the Noble One.\nSeeing the danger in grasping,\nthe origin of birth and death,\nthe unattached are freed\nwith the ending of birth and death.\nHappy, they’ve come to a safe place,\nquenched in this very life.\nThey’ve gone beyond all enmities and fears,\nand risen above all suffering.”"}},{"id":"mn130:31","sourceIds":["mn130:31.0","mn130:31.1","mn130:31.2","mn130:31.3","mn130:31.4","mn130:31.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassuddānaṁ\nDvidhāva suññatā hoti,\nAbbhutadhammabākulaṁ;\nAciravatabhūmijanāmo,\nAnuruddhupakkilesaṁ;\nBālapaṇḍito devadūtañca te dasāti."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/mn130/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}