{"id":"sn22.79","title":"Bitable","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"sn22.79","title":"Bitable","units":[{"id":"sn22.79:0","sourceIds":["sn22.79:0.1","sn22.79:0.2","sn22.79:0.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Saṁyutta Nikāya 22.79\n8. Khajjanīyavagga\nKhajjanīyasutta","en":"Linked Discourses 22.79\n8. Bitable\nBitable"}},{"id":"sn22.79:1","sourceIds":["sn22.79:1.1","sn22.79:1.2","sn22.79:1.3","sn22.79:1.4","sn22.79:1.5","sn22.79:1.6","sn22.79:1.7","sn22.79:1.8","sn22.79:1.9","sn22.79:1.10","sn22.79:1.11"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Sāvatthinidānaṁ.\n“Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussaramānā anussaranti sabbete pañcupādānakkhandhe anussaranti etesaṁ vā aññataraṁ.\nKatame pañca?\n‘Evaṁrūpo ahosiṁ atītamaddhānan’ti—\niti vā hi, bhikkhave, anussaramāno rūpaṁyeva anussarati.\n‘Evaṁvedano ahosiṁ atītamaddhānan’ti—\niti vā hi, bhikkhave, anussaramāno vedanaṁyeva anussarati.\n‘Evaṁsañño ahosiṁ atītamaddhānan’ti …\n‘evaṁsaṅkhāro ahosiṁ atītamaddhānan’ti …\n‘evaṁviññāṇo ahosiṁ atītamaddhānan’ti—\niti vā hi, bhikkhave, anussaramāno viññāṇameva anussarati.","en":"At Sāvatthī.\n“Mendicants, whatever ascetics and brahmins recollect many kinds of past lives, all recollect the five grasping aggregates, or one of them.\nWhat five?\n‘I had such form in the past.’\nRecollecting thus, it’s only form that they recollect.\n‘I had such feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness in the past.’\nRecollecting thus, it’s only consciousness that they recollect."}},{"id":"sn22.79:2","sourceIds":["sn22.79:2.1","sn22.79:2.2","sn22.79:2.3","sn22.79:2.4","sn22.79:2.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kiñca, bhikkhave, rūpaṁ vadetha?\nRuppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpan’ti vuccati.\nKena ruppati?\nSītenapi ruppati, uṇhenapi ruppati, jighacchāyapi ruppati, pipāsāyapi ruppati, ḍaṁsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassenapi ruppati.\nRuppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpan’ti vuccati.","en":"And why do you call it form?\nIt’s deformed; that’s why it’s called ‘form’.\nDeformed by what?\nDeformed by cold, heat, hunger, and thirst, and deformed by the touch of flies, mosquitoes, wind, sun, and reptiles.\nIt’s deformed; that’s why it’s called ‘form’."}},{"id":"sn22.79:3","sourceIds":["sn22.79:3.1","sn22.79:3.2","sn22.79:3.3","sn22.79:3.4","sn22.79:3.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kiñca, bhikkhave, vedanaṁ vadetha?\nVedayatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘vedanā’ti vuccati.\nKiñca vedayati?\nSukhampi vedayati, dukkhampi vedayati, adukkhamasukhampi vedayati.\nVedayatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘vedanā’ti vuccati.","en":"And why do you call it feeling?\nIt feels; that’s why it’s called ‘feeling’.\nAnd what does it feel?\nIt feels pleasure, pain, and neutral.\nIt feels; that’s why it’s called ‘feeling’."}},{"id":"sn22.79:4","sourceIds":["sn22.79:4.1","sn22.79:4.2","sn22.79:4.3","sn22.79:4.4","sn22.79:4.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kiñca, bhikkhave, saññaṁ vadetha?\nSañjānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saññā’ti vuccati.\nKiñca sañjānāti?\nNīlampi sañjānāti, pītakampi sañjānāti, lohitakampi sañjānāti, odātampi sañjānāti.\nSañjānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saññā’ti vuccati.","en":"And why do you call it perception?\nIt perceives; that’s why it’s called ‘perception’.\nAnd what does it perceive?\nIt perceives blue, yellow, red, and white.\nIt perceives; that’s why it’s called ‘perception’."}},{"id":"sn22.79:5","sourceIds":["sn22.79:5.1","sn22.79:5.2","sn22.79:5.3","sn22.79:5.4","sn22.79:5.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kiñca, bhikkhave, saṅkhāre vadetha?\nSaṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saṅkhārā’ti vuccati.\nKiñca saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti?\nRūpaṁ rūpattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, vedanaṁ vedanattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, saññaṁ saññattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, saṅkhāre saṅkhārattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti, viññāṇaṁ viññāṇattāya saṅkhatamabhisaṅkharonti.\nSaṅkhatamabhisaṅkharontīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘saṅkhārā’ti vuccati.","en":"And why do you call them choices?\nChoices produce conditioned phenomena; that’s why they’re called ‘choices’.\nAnd what are the conditioned phenomena that they produce?\nForm is a conditioned phenomenon; choices are what make it into form. Feeling is a conditioned phenomenon; choices are what make it into feeling. Perception is a conditioned phenomenon; choices are what make it into perception. Choices are conditioned phenomena; choices are what make them into choices. Consciousness is a conditioned phenomenon; choices are what make it into consciousness.\nChoices produce conditioned phenomena; that’s why they’re called ‘choices’."}},{"id":"sn22.79:6","sourceIds":["sn22.79:6.1","sn22.79:6.2","sn22.79:6.3","sn22.79:6.4","sn22.79:6.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kiñca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṁ vadetha?\nVijānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘viññāṇan’ti vuccati.\nKiñca vijānāti?\nAmbilampi vijānāti, tittakampi vijānāti, kaṭukampi vijānāti, madhurampi vijānāti, khārikampi vijānāti, akhārikampi vijānāti, loṇikampi vijānāti, aloṇikampi vijānāti.\nVijānātīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘viññāṇan’ti vuccati.","en":"And why do you call it consciousness?\nIt cognizes; that’s why it’s called ‘consciousness’.\nAnd what does it cognize?\nIt cognizes sour, bitter, pungent, sweet, hot, mild, salty, and bland.\nIt cognizes; that’s why it’s called ‘consciousness’."}},{"id":"sn22.79:7","sourceIds":["sn22.79:7.1","sn22.79:7.2","sn22.79:7.3","sn22.79:7.4","sn22.79:7.5","sn22.79:7.6","sn22.79:7.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tatra, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘ahaṁ kho etarahi rūpena khajjāmi.\nAtītampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva rūpena khajjiṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena rūpena khajjāmi.\nAhañceva kho pana anāgataṁ rūpaṁ abhinandeyyaṁ, anāgatampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva rūpena khajjeyyaṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena rūpena khajjāmī’ti.\nSo iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītasmiṁ rūpasmiṁ anapekkho hoti;\nanāgataṁ rūpaṁ nābhinandati;\npaccuppannassa rūpassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.","en":"A learned noble disciple reflects on this:\n‘Currently I’m bitten by form.\nIn the past I was also bitten by form just like now.\nIf I were to look forward to enjoying form in the future, I’d be bitten by form in the future just as I am today.’\nReflecting like this they are not concerned with past form,\nthey don’t look forward to enjoying future form,\nand they practice for disillusionment, dispassion, and cessation regarding present form."}},{"id":"sn22.79:8","sourceIds":["sn22.79:8.1","sn22.79:8.2","sn22.79:8.3","sn22.79:8.4","sn22.79:8.5","sn22.79:8.6","sn22.79:8.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"‘Ahaṁ kho etarahi vedanāya khajjāmi.\nAtītampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva vedanāya khajjiṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannāya vedanāya khajjāmi.\nAhañceva kho pana anāgataṁ vedanaṁ abhinandeyyaṁ;\nanāgatampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva vedanāya khajjeyyaṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannāya vedanāya khajjāmī’ti.\nSo iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītāya vedanāya anapekkho hoti;\nanāgataṁ vedanaṁ nābhinandati;\npaccuppannāya vedanāya nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.","en":"‘Currently I’m bitten by feeling …"}},{"id":"sn22.79:9","sourceIds":["sn22.79:9.1","sn22.79:9.2","sn22.79:9.3","sn22.79:9.4","sn22.79:9.5","sn22.79:9.6","sn22.79:9.7","sn22.79:9.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"‘Ahaṁ kho etarahi saññāya khajjāmi …pe…\nahaṁ kho etarahi saṅkhārehi khajjāmi.\nAtītampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva saṅkhārehi khajjiṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannehi saṅkhārehi khajjāmīti.\nAhañceva kho pana anāgate saṅkhāre abhinandeyyaṁ;\nanāgatampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva saṅkhārehi khajjeyyaṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannehi saṅkhārehi khajjāmī’ti.\nSo iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītesu saṅkhāresu anapekkho hoti;\nanāgate saṅkhāre nābhinandati;\npaccuppannānaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.","en":"perception …\nchoices …"}},{"id":"sn22.79:10","sourceIds":["sn22.79:10.1","sn22.79:10.2","sn22.79:10.3","sn22.79:10.4","sn22.79:10.5","sn22.79:10.6","sn22.79:10.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"‘Ahaṁ kho etarahi viññāṇena khajjāmi.\nAtītampi addhānaṁ evameva viññāṇena khajjiṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena viññāṇena khajjāmi.\nAhañceva kho pana anāgataṁ viññāṇaṁ abhinandeyyaṁ;\nanāgatampāhaṁ addhānaṁ evameva viññāṇena khajjeyyaṁ, seyyathāpi etarahi paccuppannena viññāṇena khajjāmī’ti.\nSo iti paṭisaṅkhāya atītasmiṁ viññāṇasmiṁ anapekkho hoti;\nanāgataṁ viññāṇaṁ nābhinandati;\npaccuppannassa viññāṇassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.","en":"consciousness.\nIn the past I was also bitten by consciousness just like now.\nIf I were to look forward to enjoying consciousness in the future, I’d be bitten by consciousness in the future just as I am today.’\nReflecting like this they are not concerned with past consciousness,\nthey don’t look forward to enjoying future consciousness,\nand they practice for disillusionment, dispassion, and cessation regarding present consciousness."}},{"id":"sn22.79:11","sourceIds":["sn22.79:11.1","sn22.79:11.2","sn22.79:11.3","sn22.79:11.4","sn22.79:11.5","sn22.79:11.6","sn22.79:11.7","sn22.79:11.8","sn22.79:11.9","sn22.79:11.10","sn22.79:11.11","sn22.79:11.12","sn22.79:11.13","sn22.79:11.14","sn22.79:11.15","sn22.79:11.16","sn22.79:11.17","sn22.79:11.18","sn22.79:11.19","sn22.79:11.20","sn22.79:11.21","sn22.79:11.22","sn22.79:11.23"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Taṁ kiṁ maññatha, bhikkhave,\nrūpaṁ niccaṁ vā aniccaṁ vā”ti?\n“Aniccaṁ, bhante”.\n“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vā taṁ sukhaṁ vā”ti?\n“Dukkhaṁ, bhante”.\n“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, kallaṁ nu taṁ samanupassituṁ:\n‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti?\n“No hetaṁ, bhante”.\n“Vedanā …\nsaññā …\nsaṅkhārā …\nviññāṇaṁ niccaṁ vā aniccaṁ vā”ti?\n“Aniccaṁ, bhante”.\n“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vā taṁ sukhaṁ vā”ti?\n“Dukkhaṁ, bhante”.\n“Yaṁ panāniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, kallaṁ nu taṁ samanupassituṁ:\n‘etaṁ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti?\n“No hetaṁ, bhante”.\n“Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, yaṁ kiñci rūpaṁ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṁ ajjhattaṁ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṁ vā sukhumaṁ vā hīnaṁ vā paṇītaṁ vā yaṁ dūre santike vā, sabbaṁ rūpaṁ: ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.\nYā kāci vedanā …\nyā kāci saññā …\nye keci saṅkhārā …\nyaṁ kiñci viññāṇaṁ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṁ …pe… yaṁ dūre santike vā, sabbaṁ viññāṇaṁ: ‘netaṁ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṁ yathābhūtaṁ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṁ.","en":"What do you think, mendicants?\nIs form permanent or impermanent?”\n“Impermanent, sir.”\n“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?”\n“Suffering, sir.”\n“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus:\n‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?”\n“No, sir.”\n“Is feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness permanent or impermanent?”\n“Impermanent, sir.”\n“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?”\n“Suffering, sir.”\n“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus:\n‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?”\n“No, sir.”\n“So you should truly see any kind of form at all—past, future, or present; internal or external; solid or subtle; inferior or superior; far or near: all form—with right understanding: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’\nYou should truly see any kind of feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness at all—past, future, or present; internal or external; solid or subtle; inferior or superior; far or near: all consciousness—with right understanding: ‘This is not mine, I am not this, this is not my self.’"}},{"id":"sn22.79:12","sourceIds":["sn22.79:12.1","sn22.79:12.2","sn22.79:12.3","sn22.79:12.4","sn22.79:12.5","sn22.79:12.6","sn22.79:12.7","sn22.79:12.8","sn22.79:12.9","sn22.79:12.10","sn22.79:12.11","sn22.79:12.12","sn22.79:12.13","sn22.79:12.14","sn22.79:12.15","sn22.79:12.16","sn22.79:12.17","sn22.79:12.18","sn22.79:12.19","sn22.79:12.20","sn22.79:12.21","sn22.79:12.22","sn22.79:12.23","sn22.79:12.24","sn22.79:12.25","sn22.79:12.26","sn22.79:12.27","sn22.79:12.28"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako apacināti, no ācināti;\npajahati, na upādiyati;\nvisineti, na ussineti;\nvidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti.\nKiñca apacināti, no ācināti?\nRūpaṁ apacināti, no ācināti;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ apacināti, no ācināti.\nKiñca pajahati, na upādiyati?\nRūpaṁ pajahati, na upādiyati;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ pajahati, na upādiyati.\nKiñca visineti, na ussineti?\nRūpaṁ visineti, na ussineti;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ visineti, na ussineti.\nKiñca vidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti?\nRūpaṁ vidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ vidhūpeti, na sandhūpeti.","en":"This is called a noble disciple who gets rid of and doesn’t accumulate;\nwho gives up and doesn’t grasp;\nwho unmeshes and doesn’t enmesh;\nwho dissipates and doesn’t get clouded.\nAnd what things do they get rid of and not accumulate?\nThey get rid of form and don’t accumulate it.\nThey get rid of feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness and don’t accumulate it.\nAnd what things do they give up and not grasp?\nThey give up form and don’t grasp it.\nThey give up feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness and don’t grasp it.\nAnd what things do they unmesh and not enmesh?\nThey unmesh form and don’t enmesh it.\nThey unmesh feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness and don’t enmesh it.\nAnd what things do they dissipate and not get clouded by?\nThey dissipate form and don’t get clouded by it.\nThey dissipate feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness and don’t get clouded by it."}},{"id":"sn22.79:13","sourceIds":["sn22.79:13.1","sn22.79:13.2","sn22.79:13.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ passaṁ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi … saññāyapi … saṅkhāresupi … viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati.\nNibbindaṁ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṁ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṁ hoti.\n‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.","en":"Seeing this, a learned noble disciple grows disillusioned with form, feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness.\nBeing disillusioned, desire fades away. When desire fades away they’re freed. When they’re freed, they know they’re freed.\nThey understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’"}},{"id":"sn22.79:14","sourceIds":["sn22.79:14.1","sn22.79:14.2","sn22.79:14.3","sn22.79:14.4","sn22.79:14.5","sn22.79:14.6","sn22.79:14.7","sn22.79:14.8","sn22.79:14.9","sn22.79:14.10","sn22.79:14.11","sn22.79:14.12","sn22.79:14.13","sn22.79:14.14","sn22.79:14.15","sn22.79:14.16","sn22.79:14.17","sn22.79:14.18","sn22.79:14.19","sn22.79:14.20","sn22.79:14.21","sn22.79:14.22","sn22.79:14.23","sn22.79:14.24","sn22.79:14.25","sn22.79:14.26"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu nevācināti na apacināti, apacinitvā ṭhito; neva pajahati na upādiyati, pajahitvā ṭhito; neva visineti na ussineti, visinetvā ṭhito; neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti vidhūpetvā ṭhito\nKiñca nevācināti na apacināti, apacinitvā ṭhito?\nRūpaṁ nevācināti na apacināti, apacinitvā ṭhito;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ nevācināti na apacināti, apacinitvā ṭhito.\nKiñca neva pajahati na upādiyati, pajahitvā ṭhito?\nRūpaṁ neva pajahati na upādiyati, pajahitvā ṭhito;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ neva pajahati na upādiyati, pajahitvā ṭhito.\nKiñca neva visineti na ussineti, visinetvā ṭhito?\nRūpaṁ neva visineti na ussineti, visinetvā ṭhito;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ neva visineti na ussineti, visinetvā ṭhito.\nKiñca neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti, vidhūpetvā ṭhito?\nRūpaṁ neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti, vidhūpetvā ṭhito;\nvedanaṁ …\nsaññaṁ …\nsaṅkhāre …\nviññāṇaṁ neva vidhūpeti na sandhūpeti, vidhūpetvā ṭhito.\nEvaṁvimuttacittaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saindā devā sabrahmakā sapajāpatikā ārakāva namassanti:","en":"This is called a mendicant who neither gets rid of nor accumulates, but remains after getting rid. They neither give up nor grasp, but remain after giving up. They neither unmesh nor enmesh, but remain after unmeshing. They neither dissipate nor get clouded, but remain after dissipating.\nAnd what things do they neither get rid of nor accumulate, but remain after getting rid of them?\nThey neither get rid of nor accumulate form, but remain after getting rid of it.\nThey neither get rid of nor accumulate feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness, but remain after getting rid of it.\nAnd what things do they neither give up nor grasp, but remain after giving them up?\nThey neither give up nor grasp form, but remain after giving it up.\nThey neither give up nor grasp feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness, but remain after giving it up.\nAnd what things do they neither discard nor amass, but remain after discarding them?\nThey neither unmesh nor enmesh form, but remain after unmeshing it.\nThey neither unmesh nor enmesh feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness, but remain after unmeshing it.\nAnd what things do they neither dissipate nor get clouded by, but remain after dissipating them?\nThey neither dissipate nor get clouded by form, but remain after dissipating it.\nThey neither dissipate nor get clouded by feeling …\nperception …\nchoices …\nconsciousness, but remain after dissipating it.\nWhen a mendicant’s mind is freed like this, the gods together with Indra, the Divinity, and the Progenitor worship them from afar:"}},{"id":"sn22.79:15","sourceIds":["sn22.79:15.1","sn22.79:15.2","sn22.79:15.3","sn22.79:15.4","sn22.79:15.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"‘Namo te purisājañña,\nnamo te purisuttama;\nYassa te nābhijānāma,\nyampi nissāya jhāyasī’”ti.\nSattamaṁ.","en":"‘Homage to you, O thoroughbred!\nHomage to you, supreme among men!\nWe don’t understand\nthe basis of your absorption.’”"}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/sn22.79/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}